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The Influence of the Catholic Anti-Abortion Movement on the Identity of the Republican Party in the 1960s and 1970s
Kropáčková, Kristina ; Sehnálková, Jana (advisor) ; Kýrová, Lucie (referee)
This bachelor's thesis discusses the shift in the Republican Party's position on abortion in the 1970s in the context of Catholic anti-abortion movement. The anti-abortion movement was mobilised due to social upheavals of the 1960s during which the calls for abortion-laws liberalization became more prominent. The pro-life movement in the 1960s and 1970s was almost exclusively Catholic, since evangelicals joined the movement as part of the New Christian Right in the late 1970s. With the use of primary and secondary sources, the thesis analyses the relationship between the Republican Party and the pro-life movement. The thesis seeks to answer the question why the Republican Party included a pro-life stance to its platform. The thesis consists of three chapters. The first one explains the character and activity of the pro- life movement and the positions of the main actors, the Republican Party and the Catholic Church, on the abortion issue up to the legalization of abortion in 1973. The second part analyses Richard Nixon's position on abortion. The last chapter deals with Republican Party's adoption of the pro-life platform in 1976 and focuses on strengthening of the ties between the pro-life movement and the Republican Party. After analysing the relationship between the movement and the party, the...
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Beyond The Frontier: The Analysis of Abortion Discourses in (Un)democratic Czechoslovakia
Prajerová, Andrea ; Havelková, Hana (advisor) ; Kiczková, Zuzana (referee)
My thesis focuses on reproductive politics of (un)democratic Czechoslovakia, namely on the discursive construction of abortion as presented in the scientific and political discourses in the 20's and 50's. The aim is to compare the discourses and track the genealogy of control and regulation of women's bodies as biopolitical spaces within the Czechoslovakian nation. The text uses theories of G. Agamben, M. Foucault and R. Miller which deprive from the classical/juridical model of sovereignty and rights and offer a biopolitical one instead. Using this perspective the text tries to answer whether there is a difference between scientific and political discourses of so-called democracy and communism. That is, whether by putting the abortion into the center it is possible to speak about democracy and communism as if they were two different and mutually exclusive systems. Through the lenses of poststructuralist feminist analysis the thesis tries to doubt the binaries of "communism" - "democracy", "East" - "West", in which democracy always signals the good and communism evil. Analysing the discourses surrounding the enactment of 1957 law the text also ponders whether it is possible to read the law as a typical communist product, implanted by someone from the outside.
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